Certified Professional Photographer (CPP) Practice Exam 2026 - Free CPP Practice Questions and Study Guide

Prime lenses are distinguished by having fixed focal lengths, which means they cannot zoom in or out. This characteristic affects not only the framing of the images but also tends to result in sharper optics and a wider maximum aperture compared to zoom lenses. With a fixed focal length, photographers must physically move closer to or further away from the subject to achieve the desired composition, which often encourages more intentional and thoughtful shooting.

In contrast, variable focal lengths are associated with zoom lenses, which allow for adjustments in focal length without changing the lens. Automatic adjustment typically refers to features in some modern lenses, such as autofocus or aperture control, while a wide angle view describes lenses that capture a broader perspective, which can be achieved with various types of lenses, not solely prime. Thus, the key defining trait of prime lenses is indeed their fixed focal length.